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Berlin's Left Party Proposes Sweeping Rent Freeze for 400,000 Homes

A radical new rent cap could reshape Berlin's housing crisis—but will it work? The Left Party bets on freezing prices and slashing overcharges to protect tenants.

The image shows a drawing of a floor plan of a house in Berlin, with text detailing the layout of...
The image shows a drawing of a floor plan of a house in Berlin, with text detailing the layout of the building. It includes details such as the number of rooms, the size of each room, and the location of the windows and doors.

Berlin's Left Party Proposes Sweeping Rent Freeze for 400,000 Homes

Berlin's Left Party has put forward a new rent cap plan targeting around 400,000 municipal housing units. The proposal aims to freeze rents for a year before allowing only small annual increases. Party leaders argue the move would ease pressure on tenants and stabilise the city's housing market. Under the plan, rents for new and relet apartments would be capped at either the previous tenant's rate or 10 percent below the local reference rent. Overpriced flats—those exceeding the reference rate by more than 20 percent—would see reductions to just 10 percent above it. Modernisation costs passed on to tenants would also be limited to €1.50 per square metre.

After the initial freeze, annual rent hikes would be restricted to a maximum of 1 percent. The Left Party estimates the one-year freeze alone would cost between €35 and €55 million. To cover the shortfall, the proposal includes a one-time equity injection into the *Landeswohnungsbaugesellschaft Union* (LWU), the city's municipal housing body. The party also pledges to build 7,500 new municipal homes each year and allocate up to €2 billion for renovations. Existing affordability protections, which cap rent burdens at 27 percent of household income, would remain unchanged. Data from 2022 shows municipal landlords like Degewo and Howoge charged average rents of €9–11 per square metre, far below private market rates of €13–18. Between 2017 and 2022, municipal rents rose by 20–30 percent, while private rents surged by 40–60 percent. The Left Party argues its policy would help lower the overall rent index and curb private sector increases.

The proposal focuses on municipal housing but is designed to influence the broader market. If implemented, it would mark a return to stricter rent controls after the previous cap was relaxed in April 2023. The party's funding plan relies on public investment to balance the financial impact on landlords.

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